Pasteurizing apparatus for milk.



J. WILLMANN.

PASTBURIZING APPARATUS FOR MILK.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 25,1908.

Patented Apr. 18, 1911.

JOSEPH WILLMANN, OF SHELTON, CONNECTICUT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

PASTEURIZIN'G APPARATUS FOR MILK.

Patented Apr. 18, 1911.

Application filed May 25, 1908. Serial No. 484,946.

T all whom'it may concern:

Be it known that I, Josnrn \Vrnmmmv,

I a subject of the Emperor of Germany, re-

siding at Shelton, in the county of Fairtield and State of Connecticut, have invented new and useful Improvements in Pasteurizing Apparatus for Milk, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to pasteurizmg apparatus for milk and the ob ect thereof is to provide an apparatus in a manner. as hereinafter set forth, whereby the milk is perfectly pasteurized in a continuous manner and without the intermittent discontinuing of the heating of the milk to a. pasteurizlng temperature.

The primary object of this inventionis to entirely eliminate the pathogenic bacteria, at

the same time preserving the cream line and,

set up.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter more specifically described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein is shown the preferred embodiment of the invention, but it is to be understood that changes, 'ariations and modifications can be resorted to which come within the scope of the claims hereunto appended.

In the drawings :Figure 1 is a sectional elevation ofa pasteurizing apparatus, and Fig. 2 is a plan of a container.

Referring tothe drawings in detail, 3 denotes generally a pasteurizer, {t a cooler and 5 a container. The pasteurizer embodies a base 6 a corrugated outer section 7 closed at its top as at 8, an intermediatesection 9 closed at its top as at 10, and a chambered inner section 11 the bottom wall 12 of which is extended and mounted upon the base (3. The section 9 is flanged as at 13 and rests upon the extended portion of the inner sec-' tion and the corrugated outer section is flanged as at 1 1 and rests upon the flange 13. The extension 12 as well as the flanges 13 15. The top 11} of the inner section 11 is provided with a stulling box 17 through which projects a vertically extending shaft 18 whichon its upper end has secured thereto a supporting arm 19 positioned in a chamber 20 formed between the inner section 11 and the intermediate section 9. The arm 19 has depending therefrom the agitators 21 which when the shaft 18 is rotated revolve within the chamber 20. The lower end of the shaft 18 has connected therewith a bevel gear 22 meshing with the crown gear 23, the latter being operated from any suitable source of power. The pasteurizer 3 further embodies a chamber 2 1 formed by the intermediate section 9 and the outer section 7. Mounted upon the latter is a receiving tray 25 for the milk to be pasteurized and surroundingthe section 7 near the lower end thereof is a collecting trough 26 having an outlet 27 which opens into a tank 28 mounted upon the supports 29. The chamber formed by the inner section 11 of the pasteurizer has communicating therewith a. steam supply pipe 29, the chamber 20 has a milk supply pipe 30 and a milk discharge pipe 31, and the chamber 24 has communi- (rating therewith a milk supply pipe 32.

The reference character 33 denotes a reservoir having, an outlet 3 lcontrolled by an autoimitically operable shut-oil"- 35. The milk as it leaves the reservoir 33 is supplied to the tray 25 and over-flows the edge of the tray and travels down the cornugated outer section 7 and is collected in the trough 26. The milk when collected in the trough 26 owing to its travel over the outer section 7 has been heated to a ten'iperaturc of 120. Thc.milk stored in the reservoir 33 is of a temperature of 50 The milk is discharged from the trough 26 at a temperature of 120 into the tank 28. \Vithin the tank 28 is a float 36 connected by a rod 37 with a bell crank 38 which is pivoted as at 39 to an arm 40 formed integral with the outer section 7 of the pastcurizer. To the bell crank 38 is pivotally connected a shifting rod 40 which is'ialso pivotally connected as at 41 to the stem 42 of the automatically controlled cutoft. By such an arrangement it is evident that the supply of milk from the reservoir 33 can be controlled by the quantity of milk within the tank 28. This is evident, as when the float 36 rises it will tend to-nlose the cut-01f, but when the float-lowers the.

and 14 are secured by tho hold-fast devices,

cut-off will be operated in a-n opposite direction, whereby an increased quantity of milk can be supplied from the reservoir 33.

The reference character '43 denotes a pump which communicates by 'the suction pipe 44 with the bottom of the tank 28 and the function of the pump 43 is to Withdraw the heated milk from the tank 28 and force the same back into the pasteurizer 3, the milk entering the chamber 20 at the bottom thereof where it is again heated and raised for example to a temperature of 145. While themilkis being heated in the chamber 20, it is agitated through the medium of the agitators 21. The pump 43 communicates with the chamber 20 through the medium of the supply pipe 45. The milk as it .leaves the tank 28 is of a temperature of 120 and is forced back into the-chamber 20 The heating of the at such temperature. milk in the chamber 20 as well as when it flows over the outer section 7 is had through the medium of the steam jacket formed by the inner section -11. After the milkhas been brought to the said temperature of 145 without discontinuing the flow of the milk through the pasteurizer, it is discharged from the chamber 20 through the medium of the discharge pipe 46 which has one end thereof opening into the chamber 20 near the top ofthe latter. The milk is conducted through the medium of the pipe 46 at the said temperature of 145 into the container where the milk is'held a predetermined length of time at the said temperature of 145 and without discontinuing the operation of the pasteurizer. The container 5 is constructed in such manner as to maintain the temperature of the milksubstantially at 145 for a predetermined length of time, say from twenty to thirty minutes, the loss of heat being small so that the, fall in temperature is negligible, perhaps one-half a degree, such action killing the pathogenic germs, but without eventually changing the cream line of the milk or causing the albumen tobc hard to digest. By way of example the container 5 is shown consisting of a cylindrical receptacle divided into a series of compartments 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, The number of compartments .is shown by way of example, the number being increased or diminished according to the quantity of milk desired to be treated. A cover 55 is provided for the receptacle, through which extends the pipe 46, the latter depending into the container and opening into a receiver 56 which is provided with a spout 57 for discharging the heated, milk successively into the various compartments-of the container.

The receiver 56 is mounted upon the upper endof a revolving shaft 58 which extends up through a sleeve 59 arranged centrally ofthe container and by such an arrange-Ia branch pipe 66',

scopes ment it is evident that when the shaft 58 empty. The shaft 58 revolves at a prede-' termined rate of speed and in this connection it will be stated that during the supply of milk to the compartments of the con-' -tainer 5, the shaft 58 is adapted to be revolved at such a rate of speed as to enable the milk to. be held a predetermined time at the temperature'at which the milk is delivered into the container. If this time, is for instance, say fifteen minutes, the speed of the shaft will be such as to' make one revolution in every twenty-four minutes, as it would be necessary to keep the milk in the compartments for a period of fifteen minutes and it will have to eventually cause the filling o-f all the compartments. It will be assumed that compartments -54, 53, 52 51.

and 50 are filled, compartment 49 filling, compartment 48 empty and cou-ipartment 47 emptying. After compartment 49 has been filled and the spout is moved over compartment 48 the exhaust valve will be closed to compartment 47, asth'is compartment will have been emptied by' this time. The actuating device for the exhaust valve mechanism to be hereinafter referred to willthen have to be moved to a position to open the outlet of compartment 54. After the fillj ing of compartment 48, the spout is then n' oved 'overcompartment 47 to cause the filling thereof and the tripping device Will close the exhaust valve mechanism of compartment 54 which has been emptied by this time and the tripping device will move on to open' the outlet-to compartment 53 so that said --con1'partment can be .emptied.

This operation is had without discontinuing or cutting oil" the flow of milk through the pipe 56 from the pasteurizer 3 and is also continued until allthe milk has been exhausted from the pasteurizr 3. The tripping device or actuating means for each of the exhaustvalve mechanisms 62 consists-- of an'elongated' arm 63 carried by the shaft 58 and adapted to engage a shifting lever 64 which actuates the exhaust valve mechanism. Arranged below. the container 5 is a commonreceiving pipe 65 to all'of the compartments in the container and communication is hadbetween said pipe 65 and each of the exhaust valve mechanisms 62 by In some instances it has been found advantageous, to again pass the milk through the pasteurizer 3 after it has been held a predetermined period within the container and for such'purpose a branch pipe (57 is provided which communicates at one end with a pipe 65 and at its other end with a two-way valve casing 68, the valve being indicated 'bythe reference character 69. The pipe 32 commumcates at one end with the casing 68 and at its other end with the chamber 24. If the valve 69 is in the posithe cooler 4 and for such purpose a branch pipe 70 provided with a cutotl' 71 communicates with a vchamber 9A and with the conducting pipe 72 which opens into a funno] 73, the latter constituting the entrance for the cooler 4. The milk as it enters the chamber 24, has a temperature of substantially 145 but is discharged into the cooler at a temperature of 100. The milk leaves the cooler through the discharge spout 74 at a temperature of and is received in a vessel 75 or other suitable means. The milk can belcondu'cted from the container 5 directly to the cooler and for such purpose a branch. conducting pipe '16 is provided which has a cut-off 77. The pipe 76 communicates with a valve casing 68 and with the conducting pipe 72. Vhen it is desired to conduct the milk at 145 from-the container 5 to the cooler 4, the valve 68 .is

shifted so as to establish communication hetween the pipes 67 and 76 and the valve (7 shifted so as to establish communication between the pipes 76 and 72. The cut-oil 71 and the pipe are closed.

According to the present'invcntion, the heating of the milk and the holding thereof at a pasteurizing temperature which. will destroy the bacteria wlthout coagulating the albumen or destroying the cream line, is accomplished while the milk flows continua ously through the apparatus, and the rate of flow may be controlled by suitable means whereby the correct temperature will be maintained so that the capacity of the machine is maximum. It will be understood,

of course, that I have shown in the accom-' panying drawing and described in the specification, oncparticular form of the invention. The invention, however, is not necessarily so limited, as the apparatus is shown and described as an example and any ap paratus which is the equivalent of that set forth in the claims may be used. In statin the tem erature at which the milk is heated and he d, a temperature of 145 Fahrenheit is mentioned, butthis is merely given as an example which in-practice has proven satisfactory, although the apparatus is not limited to operate at this temperature, the end in view being to raise the temperature of the milk'to a temperature that will dostroy or'render harmless the bacteria without coagulating'the albumen and to hold the milk at such temperature for a period of time sufficient to ell'ect this result.

\Vhat I claim is 1. In a pasteurizing apparatus, meansfor heating milk to a pasteurizing temperature, means for continuously receiving the heated milk from said heating means and maintaining the milk a predetermined time at a pasteurizing temperature without discontinuing the discharge of millefrom said heating means, means for cooling the milk, and means :for automatically controlling the flow of the liquid through the apparatus 2. In a pastcurizing apparatus for milk, means for heating the milk to a pasteurizing temperature insntlicicnt to coagulate the albumen therein, means exteriorly of said heating means for continuously receiving the milk from said heating means and maintaining the milk a predetermined time at such pasteurizing temperature without discontinuing the discharge of said milk from said heating means, and means for causing a continuous flow of milk through the appa ratus during the pasteurizing operation and means for automaticallycontrolling the supply of milk to said heating means.

3. In a pasteurizing apparatus, the combination of a regenerative pastenrizer having heating and regenerative sections, means for supplying liquid to the regenerative section, means for receiving liquid from the regenerative section and for supplying ittc the heating section of said pasteurizcr,'and holding means connected to receive the milk at a pasteurizing temperature from the heat ing section of the pasteurizer, said holding means being capable of uniformly maintaining the temperature of the liquid to destroy or render harmless the pathogenic organisms, and means for conducting the liquid from said holding means through the regenerative section of the pastcurizer.

4. In an apparatus for pasteurizing milk, the continuation of a pasteurizer having rcgenerative and heating sections,means for supplying milk init ally to the regenerat ve section thereof, means for receiving the milk from the said regenerative section and for introducing it into the heating section of the pasteurizer, holding means connected to receive milk at a pasteurizing temperature from the heating section of the pasteurizcr and capable of maintaining the same uni formly at such pasteurizing temperature for a predetermined period, a cooler, and means whereby the milk from the holding means may be conduct d directly from the holding means to the cooler or from the holding without discontinuing the discharge of the milk from said heating means, means whereby the milk can be heated in the regenerative section and then in the heating section of said pasteurizer prior to thesupply of milk to said holding means, means for receiving the milk from said holding means for cooling the milk, and means whereby the milk can he'circulated through the regenerative section of said pasteurlzer after its retention in said holding means and prior to its discharge into the cooling means.

6. In a pasteurizing apparatus for liquids, the combination of a pastcurizcr having regenerative and heating sections, means for supplying liquid to the regenerative section thereof, means for receiving liquid from the said regenerative section, controlling means between said supplying and receiving means whereby the supply of liquid is controlled automatically from said receiving means, the latter being connected to deliver the liquid therefrom into the heating section of the pasteurizer wherein such liquid is raised. to a pasteurizing temperature, holding means connected to receive the liquid at a pasteurizing temperature from the heating section of said pasteurizer and capable of maintaining it uniformly for a predetermined period of time, and a cooler connected to receive the liquid from said holding means.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set ncsses.

JOSEPH VVILLMANN.

itnesscm Munncn I. DAVIS, I-IoWAIu) B Peon.

my hand in presence of two subscribing Wit- 

